The Old Regime Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Old Regime Essay, Research Paper The Old Regime was a period of clip frequently considered by many to be representative of a crashed society. Under the Old Regime in France, the male monarch was the absolute sovereign. King Louis XIV had centralized power in the royal bureaucratism, the authorities sections that took attention of his policies. King Louis # 8217 ; reign in France played a important function in its history and economic system. He was a male monarch to all during the most of import events of the clip, but he was besides a fiscal male monarch to the rich because he created a revenue enhancement system that merely benefited those who were affluent. During the clip of the Old Regime, society was broken down into three orders or categories, known traditionally as estates. The most of import category of the three consisted of the rebellious Nobility of the Second Estate which contained about 400,000 persons who held all the public offices in the kingdom. We will write a custom essay sample on The Old Regime Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1 The first two estates numbered the least but held the most influence in the whole land. Most of the King # 8217 ; s curates of province were of Baronial birth, and even the highest order of the First Estate, the Clergy, was filled with the younger boies of Baronial families.2 Like the First Estate, the Second Estate paid barely any revenue enhancements and by and large consisted of the richest members of society. The First and Second Estates were grouped together because they had similar political beliefs. The Third Estate strongly resented the advantages of the first two estates. The first two estates were the richest of the three estates. The First Estate consisted of the Clergy, or the Church. The First Estate owned about 10 per centum of all the land in France. This estate paid no revenue enhancements, but to back up church activities such as running schools and caring for the hapless, it collected a tithe, or a revenue enhancement on income.3 In add-on, this estate was made up of the Nobles who lived epicurean lives in major Gallic metropoliss such as Versailles and Paris. The First Estate absolutely illustrates the sum of power and wealth possessed by the Church during a clip when Church and State were non separated. The Second Estate in French life was chiefly comprised of the Nobility. This category, by and large characterized by the richest members of society, enjoyed extended rights and privileges, great land, and much wealth. The Nobles accumulated their wealth by roll uping revenue enhancements, rents, and dues for the usage of their farms or estates. Noblemen traditionally lived by the values of trueness, bravery, refined manners, and service to the King.4 However, while these blue bloods still claimed the privileges of their estate, many had forgotten their responsibilities and values.5 This estate shows how lopsided society was ; most members of the Second Estate weren # 8217 ; t even rich, but were born into a Baronial household and were hence considered Nobility. The Third Estate consisted of Gallic citizens who weren # 8217 ; t classified as either Clergy or Nobility. Since the first two estates were exempt from revenue enhancements, the Third Estate had to supply about all of the state # 8217 ; s income. Yet the Third Estate, easy the largest since it encompassed every Frenchman who was neither an blue blood nor a reverend, was the least influential of the estates. In general, the Third Estate was composed of three groups: the Peasants, the Middle Class, and the Urban Workers. Peasants chiefly led the lives of husbandmans. In contrast, the Middle Class was composed of the most of import people in society. However, the Middle Class frequently worried about its societal position, for it wasn # 8217 ; t socially recognized because it was portion of the Third Estate. The Urban Workers, on the other manus, held much weight in society before and during the Revolution. Their choler at low rewards and deficits of staff of life and other staple n utrients frequently resulted in rabble force during the Revolution.6 While the first two orders enjoyed many advantages, the common mans of the Third Estate had none. Barred by jurisprudence and usage from possessing any sort of political power, these people were besides burdened with taxes.7 They were forced to pay revenue enhancements on their income, land, belongings, harvests, salt, baccy, vino, cyder and even their lives. If a provincial sold a piece of land, he or she paid a gross revenues revenue enhancement, every bit good as an extra revenue enhancement, on the money he or she received. These revenue enhancements were merely excessively much for a difficult working single to pay ; therefore, this category system caused human life to be unequal. Ironically, these people were taught that all were born equal ; hence, they learned that sorting world must was incorrect. However, limitations were still put upon the subordinated Third Estate. In add-on to fiscal restraints, provincials and husbandmans were out to kill any game animate beings, even t hose that threatened their harvests. On top of all these limitations the common mans had to bear, they were faced with yet another load # 8212 ; forced military service. Once in the ground forces, these people were paid really ill and fed even worse. These restraints were merely levied upon the Third Estate ; therefore, this estate became rather infuriated. As a consequence of these limitations, the whole Third Estate was populating in an inferior province of head that caused those within this estate to desire more. The people of the Third Estate were tired of being treated below the belt throughout their mundane lives. The first two estates were basking their tax-exempt life styles while the hapless paid for this unfairness. Clearly, such a system could non last for long. During the 1780 # 8217 ; s, France # 8217 ; s fiscal crisis grew daily as male monarchs drained the state # 8217 ; s exchequer. The Peasants wanted alleviation from their antediluvian and dated responsibilities while the Middle Class desired freedom as a wages for T inheritor industry labor.8 Despite this turning tenseness in France, the King continued to defy the demands of his people. As a consequence of his changeless refusal to allow his people equal rights, many rebellions and wars broke out and diminished the country’s exchequer. Furthermore, a series of bad crops between 1688 and 1694 brought about entire catastrophes.9 For illustration, the cold and moisture summers reduced crops by more so tierce. The overall consequence was widespread famishment, and, in many states, a decease rate that rose to several times the normal figure.10 These unfortunate fortunes hurt the Peasants even more than the disadvantages they faced before the dearth. In add-on to these events, nutrient public violences, deficiency of work, and the issue of political booklets all played cardinal functions in fuelling the fire of the Gallic Revolution.11 This revolution symbolized equality for all categories around the universe. The Metropolitan Museum offered many different sorts of shows of Gallic art and architecture that illustrated the contrasting categories of Gallic society. Upon review of these shows, one can easy detect that male monarchs and Lords dominated Gallic art and pictures. These shows show an perceiver the unequal society that the people of that twenty-four hours were forced to populate in. For illustration, the pictures exemplified the prestigiousness, privileged, and rich nature of the Nobles ; these were conditions that the Third Estate could non see. The first two estates endured really fruitful lives, and this is reflected in the art exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum. Peasants weren # 8217 ; t considered anything but humble provincials, and were therefore neer truly recognized until during the Revolution. The Peasants in the Third Estate became accustomed to their life styles and knew they would neer go portion of the rich society. There were two suites in the Metropolitan Museum that illustrated the wealth and award possessed by the first two estates. The first room had to be the sleeping room of King Louis XIV, for this room was nil less so perfect. The walls, surrounded by angels, looked like they belonged to the room of a God. The walls besides contained images, one being of King Louis himself. The King # 8217 ; s portrayal was godlike every bit good, for he bore a confident stance. This room contained a consummate hearth, which would hold decidedly been a sight to any provincial who would hold had the award to see it. The other room that would catch the oculus of any common man would hold to be the room of the Hotel De Cabris. At first glimpse, any perceiver could see that this room signified wealth with its rich furniture and atmosphere. These two suites show how the rich lived and how happy they were while the Third Estate struggled to be. While the first two estates lived in harmoniousness and merely worried about what they wanted, Third Estate members were concerned with how they would go on to populate under the limitations put upon them. These two suites would give provincials a sense of letdown # 8212 ; they would experience that they wouldn # 8217 ; t sum to anything because they weren # 8217 ; t born into a affluent or baronial household. These suites, or any suites of Nobility, would be nil more than a reminder of how unequal the society of their clip was. The architecture of that twenty-four hours was nil less so spectacular ; nevertheless, it was constructed merely to the satisfaction of the rich, and a batch of the things that they built didn # 8217 ; t need to be built. Since holding money was natural to the rich, they decided to populate in luxury instead than assist the hapless societies. One illustration of an unnesscary edifice that was built would hold to be the Palace at Versailles. The King erected this edifice because he wanted all the Gallic Nobles to populate together, yet this topographic point became nil more so a prison for the Nobility. This edifice did non hold to be made, but it was created to demo the illustriousness of the King and his full land. These illustrations of architecture show that a provincial, who was considered to be low in social position, would experience regret in any of these topographic points because they contained things that were built extravagantly for the wealthy. In a society that has nil left but hope, the rich are frequently resented. The Gallic Society in the seventeenth century was made up of unequal categories. Even though the lowest category made up more than half of the Gallic society during that clip, it was treated the worst and given nil but problem. King Louis Fourteen might hold had a tight fiscal clasp on France, but he did so at the disbursal of the hapless. A provincial would experience wholly out of topographic point in a rich scene like the one within the Metropolitan Museum. End Notes 1 ) Dowd, David. Gallic Revolution ( New York: American Heritage Pub, 1965 ) pg. 13 2 ) Dowd, David. Gallic Revolution, pg. 14. 3 ) Corzine, Phyllis. The Gallic Revolution ( San Diego: Lucent Books, Inc. 1995 ) pg. 15. 4 ) Corzine, Phyllis. The Gallic Revolution, pg 16. 5 ) Corzine, Phyllis. The Gallic Revolution, pg. 16. 6 ) Otfinoski, Steven. Triumph and Terror ( New York: Facts on File, Inc. 1993 ) pg. 9 7 ) Corzine, Phyllis. The Gallic Revolution, pg. 20. 8 ) Otfinoski, Steven. Triumph and Terror, pg. 10. 9 ) Dowd, David. The Gallic Revolution, pg. 15. 10 ) Mckay, John P. , Hill, Bennett D. , Buckler, John, A History of Western Society. 6th Ed. ( New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999 ) pg. 544. 11 ) Mckay, John P. , Hill, Bennett D. , Buckler, John, A History of Western Society. 6th Ed. Pg. 545. 12 ) Otfinoski, Steven. Triumph and Terror, pg. 13.

Effects of Hydrotherapy Essays

Effects of Hydrotherapy Essays Effects of Hydrotherapy Paper Effects of Hydrotherapy Paper There are many alternative methods of health care available today. People that are disappointed with medical or surgical health care are turning to alternative methods to help themselves. Some alternative methods are positive through, acupuncture, therapeutic touch and hydrotherapy. These methods are used for several different reasons such as to reat chronic pain, reduce anxiety and stimulate healing. Hydrotherapy is an external application of water to the human body for therapeutic purposes. Hot water helps muscles to relax. Therefore, it reduces pain and improves circulation. Cold water lowers the bodies temperture so it reduces blood circulation, increases muscle tone and reduces swelling after an injury and reduces muscular pain. A patient who is weak and finds it hard to move an injured limb without aid maybe able to perform a full range of movements in a hydrotherapy pool. Polio victims and paraplegics may get great benefit form this form of physical therapy. It is easier for these people to move in water. Muscles only need to exert only a fraction of their normal effort to maintain a normal body posture in the water. Hydrotherapy is generally available as part of a spa therapy and has evolved into a separate form of treatment. Contemporary hydrotherapy pools are small, shallow, heated swimming pools. Some are circular and use jets to make the water swirl around. The water is usually chlorinated. Amoung the most popular is those in which the waters of natural springs are used. Thousands of people suffering from a wided variety of ailments frequent mineral baths in search of the cures attributed to local waters and muds. Although, physicians generally doubt that mineral water has any more healing power than regular water. To become a hydrotherapist you can take classes at a college especially for hydrotherapy, such as Canadian College of Massage and Hydrotherapy. Also taking jobs or volunteer jobs at clinics, is a good idea. In conclusion, there are several types of alternative methods of health care available for use. One of them is Hydrotherapy. Hydrotherapy is good for muscle relaxation, reducing pain, and improving circulation. Also, it increases muscle tone, reduces swelling after injury and reduces muscular pain. In addition, alternative methods of health care are becoming more and more popular, and job outlook for this career is excellent.

Advantages Of Unit Banking Essay Example for Free

Advantages Of Unit Banking Essay ? 1.Local Development:Unit banking is localized banking. The unit bank has the specialised knowledge of the local problems and serves the requirements of the local people in a better manner than branch banking. The funds of the locality are utilised for the local development and are not transferred to other areas 2.Promotes Regional Balance:Under unit banking system, there is no transfer of resources from rural and backward areas to the big industrial commercial centres. This tends to reduce regional in balance. 3.Easy Management:The management and supervision of a unit bank is much easier and more effective than that under branch banking system. There are less chances of fraud and irregularities in the financial management of the unit banks. 4.Initiative in Banking Business:Unit banks have full knowledge of and greater involvement in the local problems. They are in a position to take initiative to tackle these problems through financial help. 5.No Monopolistic Tendencies:Unit banks are generally of small size. Thus, there is no possibility of generating monopolistic tendencies under unit banking system. 6.No Inefficient Branches:Under unit banking system, weak and inefficient branches are automatically eliminated. No protection is provided to such banks. 7.No diseconomies of Large Scale Operations:Unit banking is free from the diseconomies and problems of large-scale operations which are generally experienced by the branch banks. 8.Easy Management and Control:Under unit banking system, it becomes very easy for a single office to manage and control efficiently. 9.Close Management and Workers Relationship:Under unit banking system, there prevails a close and cordial relationship between employer and employees. 10.Quick Decision:The owners or the management of unit banks can take quick decision and prompt action in times of emergencies. 11.Use of Local Resources:Local financial resources are used for local development. 12.Lesser Fraud and Irregularities:Due to the less scattered affairs of the bank, there are very little possibilities of fraud and irregularities. 1.No. Distribution of Risks:Under unit banking, the bank operations are highly localised. Therefore, there is little possibility of distribution and diversification of risks in various areas and industries. 2.Inability to Face Crisis:Limited resources of the unit banks also restrict their ability  to face financial crisis. These banks are not in a position to stand a sudden rush of withdrawals. 3.No Banking Development in Backward Areas:Unit banks, because of their limits resources, cannot afford to open uneconomic banking business is smaller towns and rural area. As such, these area remain unbanked. 4.Lack of Specialization:Unit banks, because of their small size, are not able to introduce, and get advantages of, division of labor and specialization. Such banks cannot afford to employ highly trained and specialized staff. 5.Costly Remittance of Funds:A unit bank has no branches at other place. As a result, it has to depend upon the correspondent banks for transfer of funds which is very expensive. 6.Disparity in Interest Rates:Since easy and cheap movement of does not exist under the unit banking system, interest rates vary considerably at different places. 7.Local Pressures:Since unit banks are highly localised in their business, local pressures and interferences generally disrupt their normal functioning. 8.Undesirable Competition:Unit banks are independently run by different managements. This results in undesirable competition among different unit banks. 9.Limited Size of Operation:Unit bank business can not be operated on large scale because of its limited area. Being the small organisation, division of labour can not be applied. 10.No Economy of Reserves:Under unit banking, bank can not transfer its funds to any other branch. So economy in cash reserve can not be secured under this system. 11.Limited Financial Resources:A unit bank has limited financial resources so it is not able to provide full and adequate banking facilities to the industry and trade of the area. 12.Investment of Idle Funds:A unit bank having no other branches, can not utilize its idle funds in profitable ways. Advantages Of Unit Banking. (2016, Oct 19).

Communication final project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Communication final project - Essay Example This essay is an attempt to summarize and apply Emory Griffin’s ideas about personal friendship and communication. If what has been mentioned above is true, it is certain that the first and most important among the fundamentals of friendship is shared personal love. Griffin specified the actual range of varied ideas of love among authors in an effort to find an equivalent broad range of understanding of the essentials of communication and mutual love in friendship. Griffin describes ‘personal love’ or what he specifically referred to as ‘intimate friendship’ as a human relationship that has â€Å"a life of its own that is greater than the separate lives of the two friends† (Griffin, 1987, 214). This definition apparently includes personal awareness by each on the other’s distinctive self-identity. It has been argued that since intimate friendship us a special type of deep-seated love, it will in fact frequently transform into deep-seated love and create desire, or love, for what the completely loved individual requires as instrumental objectives or as way to these objectives. Love will encourage actions. Griffin reminds that intimate friendship, of its essence, will be fundamental love, specifically, imbued with sentiments of love such as bliss, pleasure, sweetness, warmth, or in several instances, forgiveness and sympathy. Making friends and keeping them requires a lot of uphill struggles. Elements like acceptance, patience, understanding and love determine friendship in its best. The main thing that grows as roots to the mentioned instruments is communication; nevertheless, reminds Griffin, communication has also its limitations. Not all communication efforts can strengthen, mend, and revive broken relationships; it can also destroy a good friendship. Communication should then be used with extra caution by making use of judgment. Griffin

Business Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Business Statistics - Essay Example ategy refers to an operation that an organization conducts to converse information concerning services and products to potential customers in order to induce them to purchase such products (Tellis 1). In contemporary organizations, the main aim of advertising strategy is to increase awareness of organizations’ services and products, upsurge total customers and competitors and finally, to fosters the business image of an organization. For any business entity interested in succeeding, advertisement is very vital because through it, an organization is capable of getting new customers as it increases its total consumer base. Secondly, advertisement is important as it retains the organizations’ customers thus avoiding their diversion to other products. Thirdly, advertisement escalates the total company sales because when a company advertises definite commodity, it will explain to individuals why that commodity is better than its substitute hence enhancing many people to prefer their commodity. Finally, advertisement leads to fortunate change in a company’s’ products hence increasing its total sales (Tellis 3). I decided to analyze the importance of advertis ing to an organization since it will help me understand whether increasing the budgets assigned to advertising has any positive effect on the performance of the organization. My business research will entail ten business organizations in U.S that advertise their goods and services together with other ten business organizations that do not advertise their products. I will conduct random sampling from a list of both organizations that advertise their products and those that do not. I will select ten organizations from each list and collect information concerning my research questions from these organizations before concluding on my hypothesis. Therefore, the total sample for this research is twenty organizations. The data collected will be mainly related to the three research hypotheses that the research is

Trauma, sexual trauma & counselling Essay Example for Free

Trauma, sexual trauma counselling Essay †¢ A strain we feel at different times/in different situations †¢ Set of external forces impinging on the person (unemployment, crime, etc) †¢ Set of psychological physiological reactions (racing heart, sweating palms etc) †¢ Can be opportunity for growth The spark that pushes us into action †¢ The extent to which an individual experiences stress depends on the event, together with the individual’s personality ability to cope Crises †¢ A normal reaction to a difficult experience an individual has not faced before †¢ In crises a person feels Confused, overwhelmed unable to cope †¢ Can be an external event, or an internal one caused by development †¢ A turning point An opportunity to learn skills, find resources adapt Trauma Trauma Definitions †¢ â€Å"Situations in which the victim is rendered powerless and great danger is involved† â€Å"Profound deviation from normal life experience† THUS sudden, overwhelming, unanticipated, suggests threat of injury or death. experience fear, helplessness, loss of control extreme powerlessness †¢ Traumatic events extraordinary overwhelm the ordinary human adaptations to life generally involve threats to life or bodily integrity, or a close personal encounter with violence or death. †¢ Most notable characteristic: the feelings of helplessness terror that victims are left to deal with. 4 The Effects of Trauma †¢ Trauma overtaxes the ability to cope †¢ Can damage mental health †¢ Traumatised people feel act as though their nervous systems have been disconnected from the present: Persistent expectation of danger Imprint of the traumatic event that does not fade Numbing response of giving up that becomes generalised. †¢ Psychologically mentally, trauma refers to: wounding of emotions, will to live beliefs about the self the world dignity and sense of self security †¢ Impacts normal ways of thinking feeling, so previous coping mechanisms to handle stress is no longer functional. †¢ Victim feels like a thing, a vulnerable object, subject to the will of a power/force greater than themselves Different Kinds of Traumas †¢ Natural disasters(flood, fire, hurricane, etc) †¢ Man-made catastrophes(war, terrorism, bus disasters, etc) †¢ Unintentional violence(car accidents, culpable homicide) †¢ Intentional violence (forms of victimisation involving threat to life, health limb) †¢ Trauma caused by nature → Disaster Trauma caused by humans → Atrocity Direct vs Indirect Trauma †¢ Indirect trauma affects those exposed to or witnessing the traumatic event symptoms of indirect victims can be identical to those of direct victims family of the victim, those in helping profession, children in domestic violence situations †¢ Can be a victim of direct indirect trauma at the same time witnessing a rape/murder while being held hostage. Single vs Multiple Trauma †¢ Trauma can be a single event, or multiple events (being hijacked more than once) Continuous vs Complex Trauma †¢ Continuous Traumatic stress: Situations in which people are exposed to ongoing trauma Residents of areas with high levels of violent crime Repeated exposure to violent situations Develop a numbing response to additional traumatic events, making it difficult to detect they are traumatised Can seem lethargic or depressed, don’t understand what is going on so don’t seek assistance †¢ Complex Trauma: Situations in which victims experience prolonged, repeated traumatic events Usually there is a relationship between the victim offender Victim is under control of offender, and cannot escape for an extended period First trauma is unexpected, but over time the victim awaits further incidents with enormous psychological tension Eg marital rape or child sexual abuse Conclusion †¢ People respond differently One person’s â€Å"stressful event† can be another person’s â€Å"trauma† All are relative to how individuals react to situations †¢ A hypothetical continuum plots stress, crises trauma, plotting the increase in intensity †¢ In practice it can be difficult to draw distinctions, the client’s definition should always be used 1.2 DEFINING SEXUAL TRAUMA †¢ Sexual trauma is: Trauma of a sexual nature The trauma creates emotional turmoil for the survivor May impair the survivor’s functioning in certain areas (self-esteem, relationships sexuality) Problems may manifest much later, when the survivor develops understanding of the wrongness of the activities they participated in, given that participation may even have been passive. 9 1.2.1 Rape and Child Sexual Abuse †¢ 1 in 4 children in SA are sexually abused at some time †¢ Just as many boys as girls under age 10 are sexually abused †¢ 80% of offenders are well known to, and trusted by, their victims †¢ There has been a significant increase in young offenders (

Mother Daughter Relationships - The Mother-daughter Relationship in Amy

Daughters and Mothers in The Joy Luck Club Children, as they become adults, become more appreciative of their parents. In The Joy Luck Club, the attitudes of four daughters toward their mothers change as the girls mature and come to realize that their mothers aren't so different after all. As children, the daughters in this book are ashamed of their mothers and don't take them very seriously, dismissing them as quirky and odd. "I could never tell my father . . . How could I tell him my mother was crazy?" (p. 117). They don't try to comprehend their culture, which is a big part of understanding their traditional Chinese mothers. On page 6, one of the daughters states, "I can never remember things I don't understand in the first place," referring to Chinese expressions her mother used. When their mothers show pride in them, the girls only show their embarrassment. One daughter shows her shame when she says to her mother, "I wish you wouldn't do that, telling everyone I'm your daughter" (p. 101). The girls cannot relate to their mothers because they were raised in a different world. No matter how much the mothers care for them or how much they sacrifice to make their girls' lives better, the daughters are blind to their mothers' pain and feelings. All four of the Joy Luck mothers need their daughters to understand them, pass on their spirit after they are gone, and understand what they have gone through for their girls. One mother dreams of doing this on her trip to a new life: "In America I will have a daughter just like me . . . over there nobody will look down on her . . . and she will always be too full to swallow any sorrow! She will know my meaning because I will give her this swan . . . it c... ...n away a long time ago to what I had imagined was a safer place. And hiding in this place, behind my invisible barriers, I knew what lay on the other side: her side attacks. Her secret weapons. Her uncanny ability to find my weakest spots. But in the brief instant that I had peered over the barriers I could finally see what was really there: an old woman, a wok for her armor, a knitting needle for her sword, getting a little crabby as she waited patiently for her daughter to invite her in. (pp. 203-204) In conclusion, as children, the daughters didn't understand their mothers or their culture. The daughters were being raised in a different world. Their perceptions of their mothers changed, though, as they grew up and realized that they weren't so different from them after all. They finally understood and respected their traditional Chinese mothers. Mother Daughter Relationships - The Mother-daughter Relationship in Amy Daughters and Mothers in The Joy Luck Club Children, as they become adults, become more appreciative of their parents. In The Joy Luck Club, the attitudes of four daughters toward their mothers change as the girls mature and come to realize that their mothers aren't so different after all. As children, the daughters in this book are ashamed of their mothers and don't take them very seriously, dismissing them as quirky and odd. "I could never tell my father . . . How could I tell him my mother was crazy?" (p. 117). They don't try to comprehend their culture, which is a big part of understanding their traditional Chinese mothers. On page 6, one of the daughters states, "I can never remember things I don't understand in the first place," referring to Chinese expressions her mother used. When their mothers show pride in them, the girls only show their embarrassment. One daughter shows her shame when she says to her mother, "I wish you wouldn't do that, telling everyone I'm your daughter" (p. 101). The girls cannot relate to their mothers because they were raised in a different world. No matter how much the mothers care for them or how much they sacrifice to make their girls' lives better, the daughters are blind to their mothers' pain and feelings. All four of the Joy Luck mothers need their daughters to understand them, pass on their spirit after they are gone, and understand what they have gone through for their girls. One mother dreams of doing this on her trip to a new life: "In America I will have a daughter just like me . . . over there nobody will look down on her . . . and she will always be too full to swallow any sorrow! She will know my meaning because I will give her this swan . . . it c... ...n away a long time ago to what I had imagined was a safer place. And hiding in this place, behind my invisible barriers, I knew what lay on the other side: her side attacks. Her secret weapons. Her uncanny ability to find my weakest spots. But in the brief instant that I had peered over the barriers I could finally see what was really there: an old woman, a wok for her armor, a knitting needle for her sword, getting a little crabby as she waited patiently for her daughter to invite her in. (pp. 203-204) In conclusion, as children, the daughters didn't understand their mothers or their culture. The daughters were being raised in a different world. Their perceptions of their mothers changed, though, as they grew up and realized that they weren't so different from them after all. They finally understood and respected their traditional Chinese mothers.

Philip K. Dick Essay

During his lifetime, Philip K. Dick was able to achieve some success in the publication of his science fiction short stories and even published 16 novels in the course of just seven years in the early 1960s, but the author was always frustrated with his lack of mainstream success. The problem, of course, was that Dick was a man ahead of his time. Since his death, seven of his works have been made into motion pictures—a number surpassed only by Stephen King (Sutin 1). But the reasons for the change may have as much to do with a changing society as it did with the man himself. Arguably, Dick may not have been easy to work with. During the initial work on â€Å"Blade Runner†, Dick who was not directly involved in the project gave an interview criticizing the film adaptation. He was later shown a preview of some of the special effects and the working script before his death and is said to have been pleased with it (Sutin 1). Regardless of his later reaction to the script, Dick was a troubled man. He was first diagnosed as a schizophrenic when he was in seventh grade and later mental evaluations both differed and verified the diagnosis. Regardless of the specifics, it is clear that Dick suffered from a severe form of mental illness in addition to a drug problem (Sutin 1). And, in 1974, he had what most people would have classified as an encounter with extraterrestrials. Though he never called it such and openly discussed the possibility that the visions and auditory events may have been hallucinations brought on by his mental illness, the reports of the incident did nothing to make him appear more stable. Since his death, the rights to his work have been handled by a trust comprised of his three children who seek to maintain his work as he envisioned it (â€Å"Philip K. Dick† 1). But it is also more likely that the sudden interest in Dick’s work has more to do with the work itself than the loss of the man that created it.   Most of his science fiction deals with a dark future, much more bleak than the greed is good 1980s would have found appropriate. Indeed, science fiction films before â€Å"Blade Runner† and especially before â€Å"Star Wars† were more fantastical voyages beyond the stars than the complex moral and ethical dilemmas set forth in Dick’s work. â€Å"Blade Runner† forces the viewer/reader to contemplate issues of humanity and the questions of genetic research and to some extent the definition of life and the soul. â€Å"Minority Report† asks questions about free will and â€Å"Total Recall† makes us evaluate greed when it applies to things we have always taken for granted, like air. ‘Paycheck† leads to the question of whether a person would be willing to sacrifice all his memories for money and if, having said yes, he should be able to change his mind. Like Fitzgerald needed the Jazz Age, Dick needed the modern word. â€Å"Total Recall’ fit perfectly into the end of the decade of greed when people were beginning to rethink their priorities. After the cloning of Dolly the sheep and seemingly endless technological advances, the ethical dilemmas of â€Å"Minority Report†, â€Å"Blade Runner† and â€Å"paycheck† no longer seem like such outlandish ideas. These are true horror stories of real life ethics. And, Dick needed George Lucas to pave the way. Until the 1970s, science fiction was still a small branch of mainstream fiction. There had been Lost in Space and Star Trek, to try to bring the genre to the masses, but it was still a fringe culture until â€Å"Star Wars† made science fiction a real movie genre with real viewers. By taking a classic plot line and superimposing it on a background of outer space with special effects and a love story and an action movie, Lucas changed the face of science fiction. More readers were attracted to the genre and more viewers were attracted to science fiction movies. Then, studios could approach the body of work already completed by â€Å"Dick and not have to deal with any of the original writer’s foibles or personality defects and have a readymade supply for their newest hit genre. So, they did. Works Cited â€Å"Philip K. Dick†, , Accessed December 16, 2007. Sutin,   Lawrence. â€Å"Philip K. Dick, 1928-1982†, 2003, Accessed December 16, 2007.

Local Study About Social Networking

TOPIC: CORRELATIVE ASSESMENT OF REALITY TELEVISION AND SECONDARY STUDENTS VALUES FORMATION IN STO. NINO FORMATION AND SCIENCE SCHOOL DURING S/Y 2012-2013 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND Introduction: The world today Is being controlled by the technology. With all the various types of new inventions and gadgets. People are slaves of all the product of the intelligence of mankind. People follow the trends of the world, whatever is new, people do follow. The influence of media Is a very big destruction to humankind. The invasion of new television programs are trending especially to the teenagers.Reality television began in 1948 with Allan Funt’s TV series Candid Camera. Reality Television is a television programming that presents purportedly unscripted melodramatic or humorous, situation, documents, actual events ,and usually features ordinary people instead of professional actors. Reality television represents the life of rich high class individuals who thrive o ff drama, materialistic items and fame. Girls are being very liberated and show off their interest on men, or they do the first step instead of the guy moving first. Reality television shows series as an entertainment purpose to all of it’s viewers, young or old.Producers want viewers to think and believe that these shows are not scripted. Most of the individuals are most of the times very selfish, childish and materialistic. When people watch reality television programs, they indicate to think that what they are seeing or what they are watching are true to life. And because of that, they believe that what they see on TV is what life really is. Viewers of reality television who are addicted to these daily programs often get deeply involved into any situation. Often, certain reality television shows are based on topics that have no thought process or concepts.The audience thus gets hooked on to television shows, which do not really have any intelligent concept. For example, th ese shows often highlights constant fights or disagreements between a group and even telecasts certain moment not suitable for viewing for a family audience. However, some shows may even show positive things, which viewers can learn and apply in their daily life. For example, a person cal learn about teamwork or be motivated in life to achieve their goals or even chase a dream. It Is a problem because reality television programs, are not exactly real life on camera.Rather, the shows are edited and scripted in being a melodramatic television show to make it more interesting and more exciting. The producers edit and script these to show to make It to have more conflict, more danger, more of negative things.. History has shown that when a mass of people can easily be controlled by a single person or a group of people that results to causing of grave harm. The influence of reality television characters, especially those who are teenagers, because they are influencing teenagers very effe ctively, especially with daring segments of the television programs.Especially, to think that this is a reality television show. Reality television is not really reality. Unluckily, many people think that It Is. These television shows draws hundreds, thousands, and even millions of viewers from all ages because It Is entertaining. It has been the focus of so much criticism because of doubtful honesty messages of some of the shows depict. Unrealistic expectations. The late novelist Kurt Vonnegut once described media in terms that may apply to reality shows.He explained how TV and movies have caused people to expect reality to be much more dramatic than it really is: â€Å"†¦ because we grew up surrounded by big dramatic story arcs in books and movies, we think our lives are supposed to be filled with huge ups and downs. So people pretend there is drama where there is none. † Nothing proves Vonnegut's theory like America's love for reality TV. Shows such as â€Å"The Real World† and â€Å"The Hills† are filled with over-dramatic fights and intrigue. But unlike books and movies before them, reality TV claims to be representative of real life.This helps people believe more than ever before that life should be full of dramatic ups and downs that don't really exist. Enjoying misfortunes for others. Waite also expresses the fear that reality shows such as â€Å"Temptation Island† bring out viewers' attraction to mortification. â€Å"Temptation Island† revolved around trying to get monogamous couples to be unfaithful. Waite says of heavy watchers of these sorts of shows, â€Å"They expect it's OK to humiliate and to be humiliated by others, instead of thinking there's something wrong with this behavior. † The worst human behavior.Psychologist George Gerbner and Larry Gross of the University of Pennsylvania developed the â€Å"cultivation theory,† which asserts that prolonged exposure to television can shape viewerà ¢â‚¬â„¢s concept of the world. Basically, the more television someone watches, the more he will believe the world is as it’s presented by the TV. I can see how this might apply to older generations who didn’t grow up in the Information Age. Take my grandpa, for example. He watches nothing but the news and he’s convinced the world is a violent and dangerous place. I’d probably think that, too, if all I watched were reports of thefts, shooting, and terrorism.I wonder if the â€Å"cultivation theory† applies to reality TV shows. If I did nothing but watch â€Å"Big Brother† all day, would I start to believe there were cameras scattered throughout my home and my family was conspiring to vote me out of the house? Voyeuristic Urges The idea that reality TV nourishes voyeuristic behavior sounds like a great argument. Who would want to raise a society of Peeping Toms? Thankfully, this criticism has no merit. Voyeurism is, by definition, â€Å"the p ractice of obtaining sexual gratification by looking at sexual objects or acts, especially secretively. † The key word here is secretively.All voyeuristic pleasure is removed if the person being watched knows she’s being watched. A threat to intelligence Reality TV critics claim that these shows pander to the ill-witted and somehow manage to make the rest of us dumber for watching. I don’t think it’s possible to lose brain cells or cognitive functioning simply from tuning into a TV show. I think a far greater concern for critics is the sense of superiority viewers derive from watching reality TV. The truth is many people watch these shows to feel better about their own lives. What does that say about our society’s ability to promote a healthy self-image?Entertainment Critics of reality TV argue that television should be used to education, inform, and enlighten viewers. I agree television is an excellent medium for teaching, decimating information, a nd promoting the arts, but it is also a vehicle for entertainment. It’s a way to peer into another world for amusement and fun. Television offers viewers a needed break from the daily pressures of life; it’s a healthy occupation for the mind. These are just some of the reasons why we are really decided to study about this topic. It Is a stepping stone for us for all the teenagers out there, especially with the secondary students here in SNFSS.This Is to prevent bad things to happen. And open up there eyes in what they know and see about reality television programs. It Is not that when we enjoy, what we see or what we do, you think that It Is right. But It’s not, sometimes, It’s really easier and more fun to the bad or wrong things, especially Now a days. Technology Is getting better and better, and the media invades the world, It conquers peoples mind and beliefs. The goal that we wanted to achieve in studying this topic Is to open everyone’s eyes in what reality television programs Is all about.We carry on this analysis and research because we are craving to know what are the positive and negative effects of TV programs on the values formation of the secondary students In SNFSS during SY 2012-2013, and the possible effects and feedback of reality TV programs. Theoretical Framework Kohlberg’s theory of Moral development, Is a theory based upon research and interviews with groups of young children. A series of moral dilemmas were presented to these participants and they were also interviewed to determine the reasoning behind their judgments of each scenario. Kohlberg as not interested so much In the answer to the question of whether Heinz was wrong or right, but In the reasoning of for each participant’s decision. The responses were then classified into various stages of reasoning in his theory of moral development. Level 1- Stage 1 (Obedience and Punishment) The earliest stage of moral development Is especially common in young children, but adults are also capable of expressing this type of reasoning. At this stage, children see rules as fixed and absolute. Obeying the rules Is important because It Is a means to avoid punishment.Stage 2 (Individualism and Exchange) Children and adults account for individual points of view and judge actions based on how they serve argued that the best course of action was the choice that best-served Heinz’s needs. Reciprocity Is possible at this point in moral development but only If It serves one’s own. Level 2-Conventional Morality; Stage 3(Interpersonal Relationships) Often referred to as the â€Å"good boy- good girl† orientation, this stage of moral development Is focused on living up to social expectations and roles.There Is an emphasis on conformity, being â€Å"nice†, and consideration of how choices influence relationships. Stage 4(Maintaining Social Order) At this stage of moral development, people begin to consider soc iety as a whole when making judgments. The focus Is on maintaining law and order by following the rules, doing one’s duty, and respecting authority. Level 3- Post Conventional Morality; Stage 5( Social contract and Individual Rights) At this stage, people began to account for the differing values, options and beliefs of other people. Roles of law are important for aintaining a society, but members of the society should agree upon these standards. Stage 6(Universal Principles) Kohlberg’s final level of moral reasoning Is based upon universal ethical principles and abstract reasoning. At this stage, people follow these internalized principles of justice, even If they conflict with law and rules. Conceptual Framework Input Throughput/Process Output Results of the survey form the secondary students. 1. Observation on the ongoing survey. Profile Variables: 1. Surveys about the given problems from Grade 7 to 4th year High school. . Comparisson of watching and not watching of reality television programs. Compare about the difference between the answers of the grade 7 and 3rd year, 2nd year and 4th year High school students. Surveys on 10 to 15 people Grade 7 and 3rd year HS 2nd year and 4th year HS Figure 2: Conceptual Framework of the study depicting the profile variables and the results of the survey from the secondary students The first box on our figure is the input. We have our profile variables, the first one Is having surveys about the given problems from Grade 7 to 4th year High school.And the second one Is the comparison of watching and not watching reality TV shows. These are the required or available data to be used in our surveys with the secondary students of SNFSS. The second box on our figure Is the throughput or the process. Our process would be like this. We will conduct a survey from 10 to 15 people of the grade 7 and 3rd year high school students and we will be observing and comparing It with the result of the survey of the students f rom the 2nd year and the 4th year High school. We will be comparing the differences between the 2 sets of batch of students.The third box on our figure Is the output and In It Is the results of the surveys. Hypothesis (Null Hypothesis) There Is no unnecessary effect of watching reality TV programs In the values formation of the secondary students of SNFSS during SY 2012-2013. Statement of the Problem 1. What Is the most commonly reality television show being watched by the secondary students of SNFSS (SY 2012-2013)? 2. How does It help you In your daily living in school or at home? 3. What are the advantages of watching different reality TV programs? 4. What are the disadvantages of watching different TV programs?Scope and Delimitation This study Is conducted and done to the secondary students of the Sto. Nino Formation and Science School during the school year 2012-2013 to know If there Is a unnecessary effect of watching reality TV programs In the values formation of the secondary students. Pinoy Big Brother Is one of the most famous reality TV show here In the Philippines, and next to It is the Survivor Philippines etc. Our main focus In our study Is to know the advantages and the disadvantages of reality TV programs In the Values formation of the secondary students here In SNFSS.

Emperor Xiaowen and His Court

Emperor Xiaowen and His Court The mural ‘Emperor Xiaowen and His Court’ depicts a walking-procession (presumably a religious one) that involves at least twenty members of the Emperor’s entourage. The Emperor himself heads the procession. He appears to be intending to dip his fingers in the cup filled with water (?), which is being held in front of him by one of his servants.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Emperor Xiaowen and His Court specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Emperor’s facial expression radiates calmness, which sets him visually apart from the rest of the entourage’s members that seem to be experiencing an array of different but predominantly positive emotions. The artist went about emphasizing the Emperor’s royal status by the mean of having him slightly elevated above others, within the composition’s spatial framework. The fact that the procession’s participants are being depic ted wearing richly decorated garments, and the fact that due to these garments’ sheer length they can be hardly considered the items intended for an everyday use, we can assume that the portrayed event is indeed rather extraordinary. What adds to the mural’s aesthetic value is that the author succeeded in accentuating the depicted event’s transitional subtleties (viewers do perceive it as such that is being in the state of motion). As it was already mentioned, the mural ‘Emperor Xiaowen and His Court’ is carved in the limestone rock. What it means is that at the time of its making (522-523), the Chinese already possessed the knowledge of metallurgy, which in turn allowed them to make carving-chisels out of iron. Because limestone is particularly prone to the forces of erosion, the state of the mural’s preservation suggests that, apart from knowing how to carve depictions in stone, the ancient Chinese artists also knew how to lessen the extent of the produced artifacts’ susceptibility to the elements of nature. Another technical aspect of the mural in question is that the applied polishing appears being of a supreme quality. Given the fact that this polishing needed to be applied manually (by hand), we can well assume that there were a number of people involved in the process. In its turn, this serves as yet another indication that there is much of not only technological but also logistic complexity to the discussed mural. Such our assumption correlates rather well with what historians know about the developmental phases of the Chinese ancient civilization.[1] There can be a few doubts, as to the fact that the carved mural ‘Emperor Xiaowen and His Court’ was meant to commemorate the Emperor and the members of his court, as such that never ceased being observant of the early Buddhism’s ritualistic provisions.[2]Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In its turn, this was intended to convince the Emperor’s subjects that their ruler’s main agenda was concerned with acting on behalf of ordinary people (representing the bulk of believers). Moreover, because the author made a deliberate point in accentuating the Emperor’s ‘Buddhist’ looks (hence, his apparent calmness), there is a certain rationale in the assumption that the mural was supposed to serve as an additional proof that the Emperor is in fact radiates the spirit of a true divinity. Therefore, we can say that the mural’s foremost social function was concerned with its potential ability to legitimize the Emperor’s authority in the eyes of onlookers. What it means is that, along with referring to the mural ‘Emperor Xiaowen and His Court’ in terms of art, we can also refer to as the art-related tool of an ideological indoctrination. Bibliography Qiang, Ning. â€Å" Imperial Portraiture as Symbol of Political Legitimacy: A New Study of the ‘Portraits of Successive Emperors’.† Ars Orientalis 35 (2008): 96-128. Tsiang, Katherine. â€Å"Changing Patterns of Divinity and Reform in the Late Northern Wei.† The Art Bulletin 84. 2 (2002): 222-245. Footnotes Ning Qiang, â€Å"Imperial Portraiture as Symbol of Political Legitimacy: A New Study of the ‘Portraits of Successive Emperors’.† Ars Orientalis 35 (2008): 113. Katherine Tsiang, â€Å"Changing Patterns of Divinity and Reform in the Late Northern Wei.† The Art Bulletin 84. 2 (2002): 238.

The Matrix and how it relates to philosophical issues raised with Essay

The Matrix and how it relates to philosophical issues raised with skeptism and the mind body problem - Essay Example When Neo, A computer programmer, learns this, he rebels against the machines together with other people who are now free in the real world, from a dream world. The movie involves many references of hacker subculture and cyberpunk, where religious and philosophical ideas like evil genius, Rene Descartes, Vat Brain Cave’s Allegory and Homanages like Spaghetti Western, Japanese animation, and dystopian fiction. However, does the film relate to philosophical issues raised with Skeptics and the mind body problems? Many philosophical issues are dealt with in the matrix as it touches on many and different topics of philosophy. It is therefore philosophically relevant since some colleges that offer philosophy also focus on this film during the study. However, the first film was the executed, unlike the second and third, which people felt disappointed with (Meinhold 55). Matrix film is very interesting as it mixes Eastern and Western philosophy. The ancient Vedas gives the main point where all human beings are explained under the illusion of the spell of Maya. The Supreme God’s personality, energy of Krishna, is this Maya and that is what covers the entity that is living from their real identity and reality and leaves him thinking of themselves as very happy as they live in ignorance, irrespective of the condition they maybe in. this is shown when Cypher tells the agent that artificial intelligence is what cheats people while they are sleeping, and also acts as an agent of cover potency. The film is not very specific, since anyone can say it supports his point of view as well as prove it. Some people believe that every machine represents a corrupt multinational corporation or government. This is supported by the fact that we created them, we cannot control them, and they now control us, but many of us are not free because they feed us off (Meinhold 74). He adds that in order to fight them, one has to use deals that have

Case Study - Drotos Theaters (Auditing) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Case Study - Drotos Theaters (Auditing) - Essay Example An evaluation of the manual and computerized control activities found that the computerized accounting system is accessed only when the controller posts the journal entries into the financial accounting system. Since the computerized system does not aid in the detection of miscalculations or frauds before the entries are made an incorrect number can easily go undetected and cause a serious accounting problem. The controller is responsible for manually depositing cash and recording transactions. Delegating these two important duties to the same person leaves the company with no system of internal control. The cashiers collect cash at the box office and issue tickets to customers. The company does not specify how the cashiers are accountable for the cash they collect and the tickets that they issue. The cashiers are the first point of contact between the customers and company’s cash transaction and therefore it is crucial to ensure that this transaction has a fool-proof control system. Since the ticket taker manually collects tickets it is not guaranteed that they will not allow unauthorized persons into the theater. There are many internal controls which are not present in the existing system. The controller cannot be responsible for recording the transactions and depositing money into the bank account. The controller can easily adjust the deposited amount and recorded amount according to how they see fit causing a serious lack of internal control.